Yablonovitch, E. Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2059 (1987).
John, S. Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2486 (1987).
Park, H.-G. et al. Electrically driven single-cell photonic crystal laser. Science 305, 1444–1447 (2004).
Altug, H., Englund, D. & Vučković, J. Ultrafast photonic crystal nanocavity laser. Nat. Phys. 2, 484–488 (2006).
Deubel, M. et al. Direct laser writing of three-dimensional photonic-crystal templates for telecommunications. Nat. Mater. 3, 444–447 (2004).
Fenzl, C., Hirsch, T. & Wolfbeis, O. S. Photonic crystals for chemical sensing and biosensing. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53, 3318–3335 (2014).
Lu, Z. et al. Three-dimensional subwavelength imaging by a photonic-crystal flat lens using negative refraction at microwave frequencies. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 153901 (2005).
Fink, Y. et al. A dielectric omnidirectional reflector. Science 282, 1679–1682 (1998).
Chow, E. et al. Three-dimensional control of light in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab. Nature 407, 983–986 (2000).
Cai, Z. et al. From colloidal particles to photonic crystals: advances in self-assembly and their emerging applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 50, 5898–5951 (2021).
Wang, H. et al. Two-photon polymerization lithography for optics and photonics: fundamentals, materials, technologies, and applications. Adv. Funct. Mater. 33, 2214211 (2023).
Blanco, A. et al. Large-scale synthesis of a silicon photonic crystal with a complete three-dimensional bandgap near 1.5 micrometres. Nature 405, 437–440 (2000).
Ding, T., Song, K., Clays, K. & Tung, C. H. Fabrication of 3D photonic crystals of ellipsoids: convective self-assembly in magnetic field. Adv. Mater. 21, 1936–1940 (2009).
Urbas, A. M., Maldovan, M., DeRege, P. & Thomas, E. L. Bicontinuous cubic block copolymer photonic crystals. Adv. Mater. 14, 1850–1853 (2002).
He, M. et al. Colloidal diamond. Nature 585, 524–529 (2020).
Maldovan, M., Urbas, A., Yufa, N., Carter, W. & Thomas, E. Photonic properties of bicontinuous cubic microphases. Phys. Rev. B 65, 165123 (2002).
Peng, S. et al. Three-dimensional single gyroid photonic crystals with a mid-infrared bandgap. ACS Photon. 3, 1131–1137 (2016).
Fischer, J. & Wegener, M. Three-dimensional optical laser lithography beyond the diffraction limit. Laser Photon. Rev. 7, 22–44 (2013).
Gan, Z., Turner, M. D. & Gu, M. Biomimetic gyroid nanostructures exceeding their natural origins. Sci. Adv. 2, e1600084 (2016).
Fischer, J. & Wegener, M. Three-dimensional direct laser writing inspired by stimulated-emission-depletion microscopy. Opt. Mater. Express 1, 614–624 (2011).
Frölich, A., Fischer, J., Zebrowski, T., Busch, K. & Wegener, M. Titania woodpiles with complete three-dimensional photonic bandgaps in the visible. Adv. Mater. 25, 3588–3592 (2013).
Liu, Y. et al. Structural color three-dimensional printing by shrinking photonic crystals. Nat. Commun. 10, 4340 (2019).
Oran, D. et al. 3D nanofabrication by volumetric deposition and controlled shrinkage of patterned scaffolds. Science 362, 1281–1285 (2018).
Vyatskikh, A. et al. Additive manufacturing of 3D nano-architected metals. Nat. Commun. 9, 593 (2018).
Vyatskikh, A., Ng, R. C., Edwards, B., Briggs, R. M. & Greer, J. R. Additive manufacturing of high-refractive-index, nanoarchitected titanium dioxide for 3D dielectric photonic crystals. Nano Lett. 20, 3513–3520 (2020).
Cooperstein, I., Indukuri, S. C., Bouketov, A., Levy, U. & Magdassi, S. 3D printing of micrometer-sized transparent ceramics with on-demand optical-gain properties. Adv. Mater. 32, 2001675 (2020).
Kotz, F. et al. Two-photon polymerization of nanocomposites for the fabrication of transparent fused silica glass microstructures. Adv. Mater. 33, 2006341 (2021).
Mettry, M. et al. Refractive index matched polymeric and preceramic resins for height-scalable two-photon lithography. RSC Adv. 11, 22633–22639 (2021).
Xiong, W. et al. Laser-directed assembly of aligned carbon nanotubes in three dimensions for multifunctional device fabrication. Adv. Mater. 28, 2002–2009 (2016).
Kadic, M., Milton, G. W., van Hecke, M. & Wegener, M. 3D metamaterials. Nat. Rev. Phys. 1, 198–210 (2019).
Guan, L. et al. Light and matter co-confined multi-photon lithography. Nat. Commun. 15, 2387 (2024).
Maldovan, M. & Thomas, E. L. Diamond-structured photonic crystals. Nat. Mater. 3, 593–600 (2004).
Turner, M. D. et al. Miniature chiral beamsplitter based on gyroid photonic crystals. Nat. Photon. 7, 801–805 (2013).
Ohnuki, R., Kobayashi, Y. & Yoshioka, S. Polarization-dependent reflection of I-WP minimal-surface-based photonic crystal. Phys. Rev. E 106, 014123 (2022).
Zhao, B., Zhou, J., Chen, Y. & Peng, Y. Effect of annealing temperature on the structure and optical properties of sputtered TiO2 films. J. Alloy. Compd. 509, 4060–4064 (2011).
Kim, J.-H. et al. Control of refractive index by annealing to achieve high figure of merit for TiO2/Ag/TiO2 multilayer films. Ceram. Int. 42, 14071–14076 (2016).
O’Byrne, M. et al. Investigation of the anatase-to-rutile transition for TiO2 sol-gel coatings with refractive index up to 2.7. Thin Solid Films 790, 140193 (2024).
Ha, S. T. et al. Directional lasing in resonant semiconductor nanoantenna arrays. Nat. Nanotechnol. 13, 1042–1047 (2018).
Lee, K. T., Ji, C., Banerjee, D. & Guo, L. J. Angular- and polarization-independent structural colors based on 1D photonic crystals. Laser Photon. Rev. 9, 354–362 (2015).
Wu, Y.-K. R., Hollowell, A. E., Zhang, C. & Guo, L. J. Angle-insensitive structural colours based on metallic nanocavities and coloured pixels beyond the diffraction limit. Sci. Rep. 3, 1194 (2013).
Lin, E.-L., Hsu, W.-L. & Chiang, Y.-W. Trapping structural coloration by a bioinspired gyroid microstructure in solid state. ACS Nano 12, 485–493 (2018).
Lu, L., Fu, L., Joannopoulos, J. D. & Soljačić, M. Weyl points and line nodes in gyroid photonic crystals. Nat. Photon. 7, 294–299 (2013).
Lu, L. et al. Experimental observation of Weyl points. Science 349, 622–624 (2015).
Rinne, S. A., García-Santamaría, F. & Braun, P. V. Embedded cavities and waveguides in three-dimensional silicon photonic crystals. Nat. Photon. 2, 52–56 (2008).
Ishizaki, K., Koumura, M., Suzuki, K., Gondaira, K. & Noda, S. Realization of three-dimensional guiding of photons in photonic crystals. Nat. Photon. 7, 133–137 (2013).
Bogaerts, W. et al. Programmable photonic circuits. Nature 586, 207–216 (2020).
Tang, G. J. et al. Topological photonic crystals: physics, designs, and applications. Laser Photon. Rev. 16, 2100300 (2022).
Bauer, J., Crook, C. & Baldacchini, T. A sinterless, low-temperature route to 3D print nanoscale optical-grade glass. Science 380, 960–966 (2023).
Saccone, M. A., Gallivan, R. A., Narita, K., Yee, D. W. & Greer, J. R. Additive manufacturing of micro-architected metals via hydrogel infusion. Nature 612, 685–690 (2022).
Li, C. et al. Two-photon microstructure-polymerization initiated by a coumarin derivative/iodonium salt system. Chem. Phys. Lett. 340, 444–448 (2001).
Zhang, W. et al. Stiff shape memory polymers for high-resolution reconfigurable nanophotonics. Nano Lett. 22, 8917–8924 (2022).
Al-Ketan, O. & Abu Al‐Rub, R. K. MSLattice: a free software for generating uniform and graded lattices based on triply periodic minimal surfaces. Mater. Des. Process. Commun. 3, e205 (2021).
Zhang, W. et al. Structural multi-colour invisible inks with submicron 4D printing of shape memory polymers. Nat. Commun. 12, 112 (2021).
